Tampilkan postingan dengan label Reef. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Reef. Tampilkan semua postingan

Sabtu, 16 Juli 2011

Govt to build marine conservation school in Wakatobi

The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Sat, 07/16/2011

Indonesiawill establish the School for Marine Conservation (SMC) in Wakatobi, SoutheastSulawesi, to produce experts who will help the country preserve its naturalresources, especially the ocean.

Fisheriesand Maritime Affairs Minister Fadel Muhammad laid the foundation stone for thecenter's building, marking the start of construction on Saturday.

He said thecenter would train many new officers to manage water conservation areasnationwide, which are expected to reach 20 million hectares by 2020 accordingto government plans.

“We willneed up to 5,000 competent and professional people to manage the conservationareas,” Fadel was quoted as saying Saturday by Antara news agency.

He said thetraining center would offer students three major fields of study: conservationmanagement, biodiversity and ocean engineering.

“The schoolwill accommodate 400 students, 50 lecturers, 50 members of staff and 2,000trainees,” Fadel said.

He addedthat the government chose Wakatobi as the site for the school as it sat at thecenter of world’s coral triangle and had rich natural resources. Wakatobi isalso home to a 1.39-hectare national marine park with diverse coral reefs.

Jumat, 08 Juli 2011

Outrage at Drilling Permit for Australia Reef

Jakarta Globe, July 08, 2011

Australiangreen activists expressed outrage at a government decision to allow energygiant Shell to drill for gas at a pristine reef that was listed as a WorldHeritage site just two weeks ago.

Shell has been given permission to drill for gas at
 an Australian reef that has been listed as a World
Heritage site
NingalooReef is considered a natural wonder, sprawling some 260 kilometres (155 miles)along Australia's west coast and teeming with hundreds of tropical fish andcoral species.

The UN'scultural body UNESCO listed the remote Ningaloo coast as a World Heritage sitelate last month due to its reef, sea turtles and white whales.

Butenvironmentalists say it could be under threat after the Australian governmentgreen-lighted a proposal from Shell to explore for gas nearby.

"Weare very concerned that the Australian government is even allowing the oil andgas sector to operate so close to the World Heritage-listed NingalooReef," WWF's Paul Gamblin told ABC Radio

"Itreally beggars belief that they aren't requiring a full environmental estimateof Shell's latest drilling proposal."

Gamblinsaid the Shell operations would run along the side of the reef itself, a"new frontier" for drilling, which has previously been confined toits northern corner.

Shellissued a statement saying it was "mindful of the significant biodiversityand heritage values of the Ningaloo region and we continue to plan ouroperations accordingly," noting its long safety record in the region.

"Theproposed exploration well is targeting gas and would be around 70km from theNingaloo Reef and 50km from the boundary of the Ningaloo Marine Park and WorldHeritage Area," the energy firm said.

EnvironmentMinister Tony Burke said Australia had beefed up its regulatory processes sincethe Montara oil spill in the Timor Sea two years ago, which saw thousands ofbarrels of crude spew into west coast waters over 10 weeks.

"Sincethe Montara incident, the department has adopted a more rigorous process forthe assessment of offshore petroleum activities and the approvalconditions," Burke told AFP in a statement.

"Shell'sproposal to undertake exploration drilling west of Ningaloo Reef was consideredon its merits in accordance with national environment law," he added.

Burke saidAustralia was "committed to protecting Australia's unique environmentincluding our oceans" and the Shell approval was consistent with similarprojects.

AFP

Jumat, 03 Juni 2011

Wakatobi to have coral reefs conservation school

Antara News, Otniel Tamindael, Fri, June 3 2011

Related News

Jakarta (ANTARA News) - Known for its beautiful and highly diverse coral reefs found nowhere else on earth, Wakatobi is Southeast Sulawesi`s abiding stake in the world`s coral triangle.

The area is made up of a cluster of islands, namely Wangi-Wangi, Kaledupa, Tomia, and Binongko which the local people have abbreviated into the name of Wakatobi.

In an effort to boost preservation of coral reefs in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi, the Indonesian government is currently preparing the opening of a Coral Reefs Conservation School there.

Wakatobi is an area with 25 clusters of coral reefs with wider range of species and various natural resources potential for billions of people.

Therefore the Indonesian government will allocated US$5 million in funds for sustainable preservation and management of coral reefs in Wakatobi.

"The government of Indonesian through President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono provides five million dollars for sustainable preservation and management of coral reefs in six countries of the Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI)," CTI spokesman Imran said in Wakatobi recently.

Speaking at a meeting of the Association of District Administrations (APKASI) Imran said there were two reasons Indonesia wanted to play a major role in preserving coral reefs in the six CTI member countries.

He said the first was that Indonesia has wider coral reefs than those of the other five other countries and was prepared to turn 20 million hectares of mining areas into national marine parks.

And the second, Indonesian waters have the most diversity of coral reefs namely 70 species of the world`s 850 species.

"The Caribbean sea has only 50 coral reefs and the Red Sea only 300," Imran said.

According to him, coral reefs in Wakatobi must be protected from damage to make them remain sustainable for a certain period of time.

"The management and utilization of natural resources in Wakatobi waters at the center of world coral triangle should consider the principles of sustainable use," Imran said.

He pointed out that the government of Indonesia through the Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Ministry would soon establish the Coral Reefs Conservation School in Wakatobi to support the management and utilization of the natural resources there.

"The establishment of Coral Reefs Conservation School in Wakatobi is part of the government attention to protecting and preserving the coral reefs from damage," Imran said.

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is scheduled to inaugurate the school, the first of its kind in ASEAN and even in the world, in conjunction with the opening of an international marine event of Sail Wakatobi-Belitung 2011 later in June this year.

Meanwhile, Wakatobi district head Hugua said in Kendari recently that an underwater laboratory would be established on Hoga island in Southeast Sulawesi.

"The utilization of the Wakatobi undersea laboratory as a global center for coral reefs and bio-energy study will begin simultaneously with the opening of an International Fishery School, established by the Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Ministry," Hugua said sometime in March this year.

According to him, more than a thousand researchers from various countries would begin work in Wakatobi after the laboratory and the school opened in August 2011.

"Every foreign researcher will be assisted by a national researcher from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and from various universities in Indonesia," he said.

Hugua said that to be the main supporter of the international fishery school, the underwater lab would become the center of coral reefs and bio-energy research at the world coral reefs triangle in Wakatobi.

According to him, the students of the international fishery school would come from the six member countries of Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI), namely Malaysia, The Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste, and Indonesia.

Hugua said that to develop the quality of the school, the Wakatobi district government and the Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Ministry would collaborate with a number of universities outside Indonesia.

"We have been communicating with the University of Essex, Cambridge and Oxford in England; Trinity College Dublin University in Ireland, and Harvard University in the United States to work together in improving the fishery school in Wakatobi," Hugua said.

Besides coral reefs conservation school, the underwater laboratory, the international fishery school, a School for Marine Protected Area Management (SMPAM) will also be opened by Maritime Affaris and Fisheries Ministry in Wakatobi.

The ministry`s secretary general Gellwynn Jusuf has said that Japan had committed to provide some Rp70 billion in funds to help finance the project.

The School for Marine Protected Area Management would emphasize the marine sector subjects such as the marine biota diversity, marine conservation, marine energy technology and climate change impact.

In its effort to create professional human resources on marine resources and fisheries, the school`s curriculum would be based on a vocational system and apply factory-teaching field methods, Gellwyn said.

The school would be inline with the local government grand strategy to create Wakatobi as marine Center of Excellence for the marine and tourism sector inside the world`s coral triangle center.

Wakatobi`s existence was known worldwide after around a thousand scientists had done research in the area.

Senin, 30 Mei 2011

Government prepares US$5 Million to preserve coral reefs

Antara News, Mon, May 30 2011

Related News

Wangi-wangi, SE Sulawesi (ANTARA News) - The Indonesian government prepares US$5 million funds for sustainable preservation and management of coral reefs at the world coral triangle in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi.

"The Indonesian government through President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono provides five million dollars for sustainable preservation and management of coral reefs in six countries of the Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI)," CTI spokesman Imran said in Wakatobi on Sunday.

Speaking at a meeting of the Association of District Administrations (APKASI) Imran said there there were two reasons Indonesia wanted to play a major role in preserving coral reefs in the six CTI member countries.

He said the first was that Indonesia has wider coral reefs than those of the other five other countries and was prepared to turn 20 million hectares of mining areas into national marine parks.

And the second, Indonesian waters have the most diversity of coral reefs namely 70 species of the world`s 850 species.

"The Caribbean sea has only 50 coral reefs and the Red Sea only 300," Imran said.

He added that besides having a very rich variety of coral reefs, Indonesian waters, especially in Wakatobi district, have various natural resource potentials for millions even billions of people.

Therefore, coral reefs in Wakatobi must be protected from damage to make them to remain sustainable for a certain period of time.

"The management and utilization of natural resources in Wakatobi waters at the center of world coral triangle should consider the principles of sustainable use," Imran said.

He said that to support the management and utilization of natural resources in Wakatobi waters, the government of Indonesia through the Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Ministry would soon establish a Coral Reefs Conservation School in Wakatbi.

The first school in ASEAN and even in the world, was scheduled to be inaugurated by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in conjunction with the opening of Sail Wakatobi-Balitung 2011 later.

"The establishment of Coral Reefs Conservation School in Wakatbi is part of the government attention to protecting and preserving the coral reefs from damage," Imran said.

Editor: Ella Syafputri

Related Article:

Jumat, 20 Mei 2011

Minister, ambassador launch Coral Reef and Climate Change Guide

The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Fri, 05/20/2011

Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Minister Fadel Muhammad and Australian Ambassador to Indonesia Greg Moriarty on Friday launched the Indonesian version of the University of Queensland’s publication Coral Reefs and Climate Change: A Guide for Education and Awareness.

Fadel, working in collaboration with the University of Queensland, had arranged for the book to be translated into Indonesian.

“Australia is widely recognized for its world-class research in environmental sciences. We are pleased that through this book we will be able to contribute and work together in conserving the beautiful reefs of Indonesia,” Moriarty said in a release received by The Jakarta Post on Friday.

The book aims to increase awareness of coral reef science and preservation. It includes recent scientific research with informative images and covers topics including oceanography, coral reef biology and the implications of climate change.

It provides practical tools and recommendations to chart and measure the health of coral reefs and a program to encourage public involvement in reef conservation.

The original publication was launched in Australia in November 2009 and was produced and published by the Coral Watch Foundation at the University of Queensland.


Related Article:

Selasa, 12 April 2011

Lampung University students to transplant coral reefs

Antara News, Tue, April 12 2011

"In this time the forests became subjected conservation, and wish to try to do this at sea."

Related News

Bandarlampung, Lampung (ANTARA News) - Students of the Biology Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung (Unila), will transplant coral reefs in Lampung Bay, the work coordinator Novriadi said here Tuesday.

(ANTARA Photo/Rosa Panggabean)
The activity is the one of the Natural Resources Conservation Week (PKSDA) XV themed "Enhancing Public Awareness and Concern for the Importance of Education and Marine Conservation for a Better Future."

"In this time the forests became subjected conservation, and wish to try to do this at sea," he added.

He said at least 50 divers will be involved, but only 10 with a job of transplanting are certified.

He said that the divers who with the job of transplanting will write their names on the reefs which are not harmful to the coral reefs and other biota.

"The observation will be conducted once in every three months," Novriadi explained .

He added, the activity would be conducted on April 18, 2011 in Ringgung beach, Pesawaran district, with at least 72 organisms to be grown and develop.

In addition, the other activities in the Natural Resources Conservation Week include environmental action themed "Show Real Action in Our Sea" and under a water photography contest themed "My Million Marine Charms of Nature".

The other activities are coloring and a drawing contest themed "Save Coral Reefs Now For Future Marine Life", Friday Good Day themed Toward the (Clean Environment) BERLIN Sea and cabaret "My sea my heart, my reef and my guardian."

"The participants of the coral transplantation are students, lecturers and diving clubs in Indonesia, while the environmental action involved high school students, college students, and other people. The conservation photography contest is followed by the Bandar Lampung people," Novriadi noted.

Meanwhile the coloring contest is for kindergarten and the drawing contest for elementary school students.

Editor: Priyambodo RH

Selasa, 15 Maret 2011

Forty percent of coral reefs in Gorontalo waters damaged

Antara News, Tue, March 15 2011

Related News

Gorontalo, Northen Sulawesi (ANTARA News) - About 40 percent of coral reefs in the Gulf of Tomini in Gorontalo province waters is believed to have been damaged by blast fishing, a local environmental affairs official said.

Rugaya Biuki, head of the environmental management section at Gorontalo province`s environment office, said here Tuesday , the damage had mainly occurred to coral reefs in coastal areas, adjacent to the mainland.

Generally, the value of coral reef covers spread along the coast and local islands, had begun to shrink and become eroded due to human activities.

"Coral reefs at some islands such as in Asiangi, Lamua Daa, Raja and Popaya islands, still have relatively good covers which range from 50 to 80 percent," Rugaya said.

Coral reefs in the Gulf of Tomini, especially in Gorontalo province. consist of two types, namely ring coral reefs (atoll) and edge coral reef (fringing reef).

Coral reefs function as a protective coastal ecosystems to arrest and break up the energy of sea waves and thus prevents abrasion and damage to the coastal environment.

In addition, coral reefs also serve as home to many kinds of marine biota.

Editor: Priyambodo RH

Selasa, 04 Januari 2011

Half of Bengkulu`s coral reefs damaged by fish trawls

Antara News, Wednesday, January 5, 2011

Bengkulu (ANTARA News) - About 40 to 50 percent of Bengkulu province`s coral reefs have been damaged by trawls used by fishermen to catch fish, a local fisheries official said.

"The condition of coral reefs along the coast from Kaur to Mukomuko districts has deteriorated so much dues to the use of trawls by fishermen." Bismalinda, head of Bengkulu`s marine and fisheries office, said here Tuesday.

Most local fishermen were not aware of the adverse consequences of the use of trawls for the marine ecosystem, he said.

The damaging process had been going on for a long time and repairing it would take decades. Meanwhile, the degraded condition of the coral reefs had reduced fish` hauls, especially hauls of reef fish and lobsters along the Bengkulu coasts, he added.

The situation was currently being compounded by uncertain weather conditions which further depressed fishermen`s income, he said,

Coral reef damage was also caused by the use of explosives by the fishermen. The practice killed not only big but also small fishes.

Nowadays, he added, it was difficult for fishermen to catch fish near the coastline and they had to go farther out to sea to get fish while their boats could not do that.

To overcome the problem, local fisheries authorities were continuously informing fishermen of the hazards of using trawls and dynamite to catch fish, he said.

The government was making serious efforts to conserve and rehabilitate the coral reefs but they would succeed only with the participation and awareness of the people to preserve the ecosystem of coral reefs, he said.

Kamis, 02 Desember 2010

Oceans failing the acid test, U.N. says

CNN News, By Matthew Knight for CNN, December 2, 2010

Acidification is is putting stress on ocean ecosystems,
threatening biodiversity and food security says the U.N.

STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • New U.N. report highlights threat to marine organisms posed by ocean acidification
  • A quarter of CO2 emissions are absorbed by the oceans
  • Around three billion people worldwide rely on fish for key nutrients
  • Acidification risen by 30 percent since Industrial Revolution according to U.N.

(CNN) -- The chemistry of the world's oceans is changing at a rate not seen for 65 million years, with far-reaching implications for marine biodiversity and food security, according to a new United Nations study released Thursday.

"Environmental Consequences of Ocean Acidification," published by the U.N. Environmental Program (UNEP)," warns that some sea organisms including coral and shellfish will find it increasingly difficult to survive, as acidification shrinks the minerals needed to form their skeletons.

Lead author of the report Carol Turley, from the UK's Plymouth Marine Laboratory said in a statement: "We are seeing an overall negative impact from ocean acidification directly on organisms and on some key ecosystems that help provide food for billions. We need to start thinking about the risk to food security."

Tropical reefs provide shelter and food for around a quarter of all known marine fish species, according to the U.N. report, while over one billion people rely on fish as a key source of protein.

RELATED TOPICS

Increasing acidification is likely to affect the growth and structural integrity of coral reef, the study says, and coupled with ocean warming could limit the habitats of crabs, mussels and other shellfish with knock-on effects up and down the food chain.

The report, unveiled during the latest round of U.N. climate talks in Cancun, Mexico, says that around a quarter of the world's CO2 emissions are currently being absorbed by the oceans, where they are turned into carbonic acid.

Overall, pH levels in seas and oceans worldwide have fallen by an average of 30 percent since the Industrial Revolution. The report predicts that by the end of this century ocean acidity will have increased 150 percent, if emissions continue to rise at the current rate.

But scientists say there may well be winners and losers as acidification doesn't affect all sea creatures in the same way.

Adult lobsters, for example, may increase their shell-building as pH levels fall, as might brittle stars -- a close relation of the starfish -- but at the cost of muscle formation.

"The ability, or inability, to build calcium-based skeletons may not be the only impact of acidification on the health and viability of an organism: brittle stars perhaps being a case in point," Turley said in a statement.

"It is clearly not enough to look at a species. Scientists will need to study all parts of the life-cycle to see whether certain forms are more or less vulnerable."

Scientists are more certain about the fate of photosynthetic organisms such as seagrasses, saying they are likely to benefit from rising acidification and that some creatures will simply adapt to the changing chemistry of the oceans.

The authors identify a range of measures which policymakers need to consider to stop pH levels falling further, including "rapid and substantial cuts" to CO2 emissions as well as assessing the vulnerability of communities which rely on marine resources.

"Ocean acidification is yet another red flag being raised, carrying planetary health warnings about the uncontrolled growth in greenhouse gas emissions. It is a new and emerging piece in the scientific jigsaw puzzle, but one that is triggering rising concern," Achim Steiner, UNEP executive director, said in a statement.

Senin, 08 November 2010

Students propose new ideas to conserve sea life

The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Mon, 11/08/2010 9:21 AM

Three high school student groups won a competition out of 112 teams from across the nation in the 5th Young Innovation Contest with proposals to develop eco-tourism in their respective hometowns.

On Saturday, the contest organizer, Indonesia Institute of Sciences (LIPI) named Ni Wayan Surya Darmayanti, AA Pillar Dy Kusuma and AA Istri Intan Yuniari from state high school SMAN 4 Denpasar, Bali, as the first winners of the contest.

The team highlighted the synergy between local people and tourists in preserving the coral reef ecosystem at Pemuteran village, Singaraja, Bali.

The team said the local people, with their long-rooted traditions like puppet play, could have an important role in preserving local reefs, while the tourists might contribute to the environment through coral reef revitalization program using Biorock, a widely known method to grow coral reef using mineral and electric current.

A Makassar high school team won second prize with their idea to develop tourism on little-known Gusung Island, South Sulawesi.

Geby Oktavia Sari, Fitriyah Dewi Haramaeni and Muh. Amran Permana Putra R. from SMAN 11 Makasar senior high school propose to develop educational tourism.

“Education about coral reef conservation would be an added value for tourism on the island,” Geby said. She said young people would be the main target of the tourism package.

This was expected to bring local people economic and social benefits.

Geby said the government should help the island by building infrastructure like piers and toilets.

A team from Wakatobi regency which recently became famous for its coastal beauty, came in third, also with an eco-tourism concept.

Dewi Sartika, Nining Hariani Ode, and Hasdiman Aludin from SMAN 1 Wangi-Wangi, Wakatobi, proposed to develop Hoga Island in Kaledupa district in Southeast Sulawesi.

Suharsono, the chairman of Oceanograhy Research Center at the institute, said the jury evaluated the papers on originality, the extent of research into the problems, and the way ideas were presented.

Suharsono said the contest was aimed at raising young people’s awareness to use what was available in their environment, to do their best to help preserve nature.

“Coral reefs are the entry point for us to invite them to love the seas,” he said.

LIPI’s data shows that most of the coral reef ecosystems in the country are damaged with only around 30 percent of the total being in a very good or good condition. (lnd)

Selasa, 02 November 2010

Ecotourism project in Thousand Islands takes flight

The Jakarta Post, Maria L. Kegel, Contributor, East Kotok, Thousand Islands | Tue, 11/02/2010

Dockside: Visiting vet nurse Mirjam Bos from the
Netherlands relaxes on the pier at East Kotok Island
after snorkeling the nearby reef, which extends 40 meters
from shore to the drop-off area. Jakarta Animal Aid
Network (JAAN) team members hope visitors to the eco-
bungalows will take advantage of the other activities
that help reconnect urban dwellers with nature, such as
learning about the raptors at the sanctuary and diving.
Repairing reefs with rubble, making furniture out of driftwood and using glass bottles for walls: Femke den Haas and Vera Clapham are good to the environment and they are hoping their brand of ecotourism in Pulau Seribu (Thousand Islands) will encourage others to follow their lead.

The two women, heading the Jakarta Animal Aid Network (JAAN) ecotourism team, aim to set a good example with their environment friendly bungalows on East Kotok Island, which they hope will generate enough revenue to keep the operation going and fund JAAN’s raptor rehabilitation program.

In return, visitors coming to the island retreat get a chance to reconnect with nature and see a difference being made to the wildlife and ecology of the area, they said.

A raptor sanctuary is set up near the rehabilitation operation on site, providing opportunities to learn about the endangered White Bellied Sea Eagles and Brahminy Kites (Elang Bondol, Jakarta’s national symbol). There is also a coral reef that extends 40 meters from shore to the drop-off area, and several dive sites around the area.

“It’s not just about hanging around on the beach because people can do that anywhere. This is more of an opportunity for people who love to be in nature, and want to learn about nature in the Thousand Islands,” den Haas said.

The team’s plans include renovating the abandoned bungalows of a former dive resort into open-air huts, making furnishings for the dwellings out of the island’s driftwood and becoming energy self-sufficient.

“We don’t want to use air-conditioning when there are sea breezes and why not look into alternative energy options with all the sun here,” den Haas said, adding that the team was saving up for solar panels by setting aside a portion of funds raised from other projects.

A rainwater catchment system providing water for toilets would also be incorporated in the roofing of the renovated bungalows, and there were plans to take the existing organic garden to a higher level, den Haas explained.

Some of the material the team needs for their project, which started in early October, is close at hand.

“The concrete blocks will be reused to make other parts [of the hut] and glass bottles will be used in the walls for letting in light, while adapting it all to a tropical environment,” Clapham said.

Lighting fixtures, furniture, mirrors, picture frames, lampshades, doors, flooring and even tissue boxes will be made from the island’s abundance of raw material, mainly the uniquely formed driftwood, which inspires Clapham to create the furnishings simply by studying its shape and texture.

“It’s about using what you have out here for furniture. Although they were already doing that, we’re bringing the design work and recycling to a new level,” Clapham said, adding that they wanted to use only sustainable materials to create an aesthetic environment.

Drifting away: JAAN ecotourism volunteer Vera
Clapham thinks of the possibilities for an interesting
piece of driftwood found on the beach on East
Kotok Island. Clapham helped make furnishings
from raw material found locally for another
ecotourism project last year on Macan Island.
Nothing on the island will be wasted. The concrete rubble being cleared from the existing bungalows will form artificial reef structures to help coral grow and recover in reef-damaged areas hit by boat anchors.

“Unlike bio-rocks, these [artificial reefs] won’t use electricity, but we’ll construct holes in the center so fish can pass through them and the corals can easily grow on it,” den Haas said, adding that the team had also transplanted some corals, making the addition of these structures a welcome combination.

The team has since put up moorings for dive boats to use and to stop future reef damage.

The bungalows had been part of Coconut Island Resorts, a dive resort which shut down in 2006. Den Haas and the JAAN team, who have been running the raptor rehabilitation program there since 2004 on land lent to them by one of East Kotok’s owners, a nature enthusiast who admires their work, were then allowed to fully manage the entire eastern part of the island.

For the JAAN team, it’s all about getting back to basics, so city comforts, such as air conditioning, are shunned.

But the team is confident that this style of island vacation will catch on with visitors to the area.
“Once people experience relaxing in an open hut, they’ll see the pleasure of it,” Clapham remarked.

Although she is based in Australia, Clapham volunteered for the ecotourism project after meeting den Haas, a co-founder of JAAN, when she offered to walk dogs at the organization’s office in Kemang during a recent visit to see family in Jakarta.

Den Haas, who first brainstormed the idea of running an environment friendly resort, said, “I didn’t know how to fix the bungalows and how to afford it all, and then bang! Vera came along and everything clicked.”

Clapham had spent the previous year on Pulau Macan, also in the Thousand Islands, volunteering to design the furnishings there from the island’s resources for a nine bungalow eco-resort.

“Ecotourism on Macan Island and with what the JAAN team is doing, is an inspiring story, and in these times people need to be aware of positive things happening and not to focus on the doom and gloom. These groups are creating an example to show people we can live differently and harmoniously in a beautiful environment that we can have for a longer time because it’s sustainable.”

— Photos by Maria L. Kegel

Selasa, 19 Oktober 2010

Australian Scientists say Indonesia’s Coral Reefs Hit by Mass Die-Out

Jakarta Globe, October 19, 2010

Fish swimming near coral reefs off Aceh Besar, Aceh province, Indonesia, in July this year. Coral that survived the 2004 tsunami is now dying at one of the fastest rates ever recorded because of a dramatic rise in water temperatures off northwestern Indonesia, conservationists said, warning on Wednesday that the damage and threat extends to other reefs across Asia. (AP Photo/Heri Juanda)

Sydney. Coral reefs in Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean are dying from the worst bleaching effect in more than a decade, Australian marine scientists said on Tuesday.

The bleaching, triggered by a large pool of warm water which swept into the Indian Ocean in May, has caused corals from Indonesia to the Seychelles to whiten and die, Australia’s Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies said.

Reefs in the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore were also affected by the phenomenon under which sea temperatures rose by several degrees Celsius in Indonesia, researcher Andrew Baird said.

“It is certainly the worst coral die-off we have seen since 1998. It may prove to be the worst such event known to science,” he said.

Baird, a fellow at James Cook University, said the magnitude of the event was so large, and the ocean temperatures in some places raised so much higher than normal, that it was “almost certainly a consequence of global warming.”

He said for six to eight weeks from mid-May the temperatures were high enough to cause bleaching of the corals in Indonesia’s Aceh, the area worst hit by the event.

“You jump into the water and you are just surrounded by white and dead corals,” he said. “It is an extraordinary sight. The locals tell us they have seen nothing like this before.”

Baird said the massive die-off was expected to compare in scale and magnitude to the damage caused in 1998, when warmer water bleached reefs globally and about 16 percent were seriously degraded.

“This is the second big global bleaching event that we have documented,” he said.

“The scale of the event is so large that it is going to take reefs a long time to recover,” he added.

The bleaching is caused by the warm water sweeping over the reefs, shocking the corals and causing them to shed the algae which nourish them. If corals fail to regain their algae, they starve to death.

Baird said it was too early to say whether Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, a major tourist attraction swarming with marine life, would be damaged but that he expected bleaching to affect reefs in the Andaman Sea and central Pacific.

“Once the reef dies you lose both live coral cover, which lots of fish need... but then everything that feeds on them will disappear as well,” he said, adding that he expected some fish species to decline within a year.

He said in Aceh alone, an area with some unique marine creatures, there would be a loss of biodiversity.

“There’s a very good chance that there will be some local extinctions both of endemic fish and of coral,” he said.

Baird said the reefs could take years to recover, heavily impacting fishing and tourism in the region and could become a security issue.

“It’s one of the reasons that countries like Australia need to act quickly and decisively on climate,” he said.

Scientists say corals are vital to marine life because they provide habitats for a vast variety of creatures and absorb large levels of poisonous carbon dioxide.

Agence France-Presse

Jumat, 20 Agustus 2010

Indonesia's coral reefs dying at alarming rate

The Jakarta Post, Associated Press, Jakarta | Fri, 08/20/2010 4:00 PM

Sea wealth: In this file photo small fish swim around coral reefs at Waha in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi. -- JP/Arief Suhardiman


Coral that survived the 2004 tsunami is now dying at one of the fastest rates ever recorded because of a dramatic rise in water temperatures off northwestern Indonesia, conservationists said, warning that the threat extends to other reefs across Asia.

The Wildlife Conservation Society deployed marine biologists to Aceh province, on the tip of Sumatra island, in May when surface waters in the Andaman Sea peaked at 93 degrees Fahrenheit (34 degrees Celsius) - a 7 degree Fahrenheit (4 degree Celsius) rise over long-term averages.

The teams discovered massive bleaching, which occurs when algae living inside coral tissues are expelled. Subsequent surveys carried out together with Australia's James Cook University and Indonesia's Syiah Kuala University showed 80 percent of those corals have since died.

Though the scientists have yet to submit the data for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, they and others say the speed and extent of mortality appears to exceed that of other bleachings in recent history. The cause appears to be the warming seas, which to some degree can be blamed on global warming.

"This is a tragedy not only for some of the world's most biodiverse coral reefs, but also for people in the region," said Caleb McClennen, the New York-based group's marine program manager for Indonesia, noting that many depend on the rich marine life for their food and money earned through tourism.

Coral formations were severely damaged by El Nino-linked warming in 1997 and 1998.

They were just bouncing back when a Dec. 26, 2004, earthquake off Sumatra triggered a tsunami that killed more than 230,000 people in a dozen countries. The disaster damaged more than a third of Aceh's reefs, but scientists said they recovered faster than expected, thanks largely to natural colonization and a drop in illegal fishing.

"It's a disappointing development, particularly in light of the fact that these same corals proved resilient to other disruptions to this ecosystem," Stuart Campbell of the Wildlife Conservation Society wrote on their website.

"It is an unfortunate reminder that international efforts to curb the causes and effects of climate change must be made if these sensitive ecosystems and the vulnerable human communities ... that depend on them are to adapt and endure," Campbell wrote.


Related Article:

Rabu, 18 Agustus 2010

Massive Coral Bleaching Disaster Hits Aceh’s Coral Reefs

Jakarta Globe, August 18, 2010

An international team of scientists studying coral bleaching in Aceh has found found that 80 percent of some species have died since the initial assessment in May. (AFP Photo)

Related articles


Indonesia. A dramatic spike in ocean temperatures off Indonesia’s Aceh province has killed large areas of coral and scientists fear the event could be much larger than first thought and one of the worst in the region’s history.

The coral bleaching — whitening due to heat driving out the algae living within the coral tissues — was first reported in May after a surge in temperatures across the Andaman Sea from the northern tip of Sumatra island to Thailand and Myanmar.

An international team of scientists studying the bleaching event found that 80 percent of some species have died since the initial assessment in May.

More coral colonies were expected to die within the next few months and that could spell disaster for local communities reliant on the reefs for food and money from tourism.

“I would predict that what we’re seeing in Aceh, which is extraordinary, that similar mortality rates are occurring right the way through the Andaman Sea,” said Andrew Baird of James Cook University in Townsville, in the Australian state of Queensland.

If so, that would make it the worst bleaching recorded in the region, Baird said.

Scientists from the Wildlife Conservation Society and Syiah Kuala University in Aceh have also been assessing the damage.

“This one of the most rapid and severe coral mortality events ever recorded,” the United States-based WCS said in a statement.

It also fits a pattern of climate extremes, from heatwaves to flooding, that have hit many areas of the globe this year.

Between April and late May, sea surface temperatures in the Andaman Sea rose to 34 degrees Celsius or about 4 degrees C above the long-term average, according to the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Coral Hotspots Web site.

“Similar mass bleaching events in 2010 have now been recorded in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Malaysia and many parts of Indonesia,” the WCS statement said.

Baird, of James Cook University’s ARC Center of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said climate change could have played a role in the extreme ocean temperatures around Aceh.

“There might be one of these cyclic climate phenomena driving it but it’s much more severe than you would predict unless there was something else forcing it, which is almost certainly global warming,” he said on Tuesday.

The bleaching is a blow to local communities in Aceh still recovering from the 2004 tsunami. That disaster caused relatively little damage to reefs and Baird said some areas had showed a dramatic recovery.

Baird said reefs in Indonesia would normally take 5 to 10 years to recover from localized bleaching. But if the event was spread across a much wider area, recovery would take longer.

“I suspect the scale of this event is so large there is unlikely to be many healthy reefs in the rest of Aceh.”

Reuters

Related Article:

Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, Blogger...